Psychotic, childhood, and cognitive disorders Essay

Many disorders are said to form in the stages of childhood or are in some way are bound to an individual by genetics. Some may just gradually appear or grow more intense over a period of time. No matter the disorder, it can make a person’s life a challenging one. The disorders that will be discussed below are psychotic disorders, childhood disorders, and cognitive disorders and how they affect an individual’s life. Psychotic disorders Psychosis is a symptom that causes an individual to be out of touch with reality. An individual may experience hallucinations and delusions. Schizophrenia is a disorder that fits into this category. The characteristics of schizophrenia are hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought or speech, bizarre behavior, decrease in speech, emotional flattening, lack of motivation, and lack of pleasure. It has five subtypes known as paranoid schizophrenia, disorganized schizophrenia, catatonic schizophrenia, residual schizophrenia, and undifferentiated schizophrenia. The biological components look at the distal and proximal causes. According to Hansell & Damour (2008), The proximal causes of the symptoms involve various abnormalities in brain function, brain structure, and neuropsychological/neurophysiological status that may cause schizophrenic symptoms (though it is also possible that some of them are effects, not causes, of schizophrenia). The distal causes are what help to answer the questions to what the causes of schizophrenia may be. The cognitive components focus on the deficits in reasoning and the role that attention has. Interventions address those deficits to help treat schizophrenia. The sociocultural perspective focuses on institutional and large social forces that may have been the cause of the disorder. The family systems perspective suggests that the family has much do with causing schizophrenia. The hypothesis that family environments are pathological, give theorists something to focus on in family therapy. Freud believed that schizophrenia was biologically based. His idea was that psychotherapy would not help schizophrenia since he believed the individual was trying to connect with the outside world. Frieda Fromm-Reichmann used psychotherapy to successfully treat a patient. She believed schizophrenia was caused by an overbearing mother who was too demanding and cold shouldered. Childhood disorders There are many disorders in this category. The complete list includes: mental retardation, learning disorders, motor skills disorder, communication disorders, persuasive developmental disorders, ADD behavior disorder (Attention deficit and disruptive), eating and feeding disorders of infancy and early childhood, tic disorders, elimination disorders, and the category of other disorders. There are five prominent disorders that are considered by the DSM-IV-TR as childhood disorders: Mental retardation, separation anxiety disorder, ADD disorders, persuasive developmental disorders, and learning disorders. Mental retardation is a disorder present at birth. It impairs adaptive behavior and intellectual functioning. This includes Down syndrome, fragile x syndrome, tay-sachs disease, phenylketonuria, fetal alchohol syndrome, and shaken baby syndrome. Separation anxiety disorder happens when excessive anxiety appears as a result of separation from home or parents/guardians. ADD, also known as attention deficit and disruptive behavior disorder, includes three different types of diagnosis’s: attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD). ADHD includes characteristics of impulsivity, hyperactivity, inattention. ODD includes characteristics of hostility, negativity, and defiant behavior along with the combination of other symptoms that include: temper loss, argumentative, defies rules and does not comply, deliberately annoying, blames others for misbehavior and mistakes, reactive or touchy, resentful, angry, vindictive, and spiteful. CD has characteristics of property destruction, theft, deceitfulness, aggression toward animals and people, and serious violation of any rules. A persuasive developmental disorder is characterized by persistent and profound impairment of functioning. Normal communication and social skills are not developed. Autism is the most common disorder diagnosed in this category as well as aspergers disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, and rett’s disorder. Autism consists of impaired communication, social interaction, and repetitive patterns of activities, interests, and behaviors. Asberger’s disorder consists of superior and cognitive language skills. They share some of the same aspects of autism yet focus more on specific objects or things. Children with childhood disintegrative disorder develop normally until the age of two. Then they suddenly lose motor skills, language ability, and social skills and start to develop many of the characteristics of autism. Rett’s disorder occurs after two years of age as well and shares many autism characteristics. This disorder only develops in girls. Characteristics include slow head growth, loss of physical coordination, motor skills, and social skills. Learning disorders impair all of the areas of cognitive functioning as well as trouble with certain academic skills. This category includes disorders such as dysgraphia, dyscalculia, and dyslexia. All of these disorders cause problems within a learning environment and interferes with daily living activities. Cognitive Disorders A cognitive disorder is characterized by a change in functioning caused by disturbance in thinking. There are three main disorders in this category: amnesia, dementia, and delirium. Dementia and delirium typically occur in elderly adults. The characteristics of delirium include difficulty focusing, attention shifting, language problems, disorientation, and memory loss that appear within a couple of hours and may last for days. The characteristics of dementia are memory impairment and cognitive deficits along with at least one of the following: apraxia, aphasia, executive functioning disturbances, or agnosia. It is permanent and gradually declines cognitive functioning. Individuals with amnesia have trouble developing memory and the inability to recall memories. It can either be chronic or transient, depending on the type of amnesia. Organic amnesia is a result of a viral infection, substance abuse, or physical trauma caused to the brain. Other types of amnesia may involve brain damage that is lasting or pervasive. Conclusion Developing a disorder can be difficult. Obtaining the right treatment and help can be beneficial the individuals life. Psychotic disorders are on a different level than the rest of the disorders described above. They require medication and possibly hospitalization since there is yet to be a cure. Childhood disorders can be managed with the correct medication and family therapy sessions. Cognitive disorders may require medication, depending on the severity as well as deep brain stimulation, surgery, or therapy to help with memory. Currently there is no cure for dementia or Alzheimer’s disease, only a help of prolonging the effects.

Rushil Surapaneni

Computers eave led to space exploration, new designs of vehicles and other forms of transportation, increase in entertainment industry, and revolutionized medical and biological sciences to address healthcare issues. The Television ; Became commercially available in an experimental basis in the late sass, popularized greatly after World War II and has become commonplace in homes, businesses, and institutions. ; Serves in many instances as the primary vehicle for entertainment, advertising, and news. ; During the sass, television became the primary medium for molding public opinion and continues to do so today.The Telephone First patented in 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell and further developed by many others; the telephone was the first device in history that enabled people to talk directly with each other across large distances. ; Became indispensable to businesses, government, and households, today some the of most ; and Has are fostered whole-wheat indwell used small appliances. Inv entions as both the cellular phone and the internet are a result Of the telephone system. ; Telephone has changed our mindset to a more complex way of thinking and continues to impact us as we move into the 21st century. The Logic Behind theSelections Overall, it came down to what saw was most practical and necessary for society and the modern world to exist the way it does today. Believe that the inventions chose revolutionized the socioeconomic standing of society to the point that allowed for radical changes in thought and ideology to take place due to these inventions. See the inventions of this world allowing for society to not only grow in the present but also further advance into the future as they can be tinkered with to better optimize the potential of humankind in the long-run, whether it be technologically, socially, or economically.

Marketing Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Marketing Management - Assignment Example Coca-Cola offers more than 500 brands in 200 countries serving 1.7 billion each day. The target market of Coca-Cola is not restricted to any area, gender or age. In fact, it is globally present and serves homes, offices, bars and restaurants; it identifies with youngsters, while is also targets the older age groups. The selling concept was exemplified in the thinking of Coca-Cola former vice president Sergio Zyman who said â€Å"the main objective of marketing was to sell more stuff to more people more often for more money to gain more profits.† (Yoffie and Wang, 2002) Coca Cola uses two varieties - one with sugar and another for all users. The product packaging incorporates the contour bottle design and the dynamic ribbon, shape and form. The bottle sometimes includes the native language of the region and it is designed in the same size as the beverage bottles or cans. Pepsi is the main rival of Coca Cola and many local brands compete with Coke in various regions as well. Coca-Cola produces more than 35,000 beverages. The company uses multi-brand marketing strategy, offering a wide range of beverage products to ensure customers a wide choice. The major brands launched are Coca-Cola, Fanta, Sprite and Diet Coke. Diet beverage was launched in 2001. Moreover, fruit drinks, coffees, teas and other forms of drinks were also introduced. Mineral water Kinley was launched soon afterwards (Dawar and Dai, 2003). Additionally, syrups and concentrates are also part of the product line up. For health conscious customers, energy drinks such as Powerade have been launched too. Coca Cola are packaged into 2 litres, 1.25 litres, 600 ml and 300 ml packages and these are also available in 375 ml aluminium cans. Coca-Cola favoured differentiated pricing model. Meet-the-competition pricing and psychological pricing models are used, which is suitable for varying customer segments and there are many products in a

The problems regarding lack of leadership skills and inadequate job Essay

The problems regarding lack of leadership skills and inadequate job designning for the new employees - Essay Example The paper tells that job design is refered to as the contents of the job. It facilitates to analyse the various duties and tasks of the job and the methods required to perform the job in an efficient and effective way from the perspective of human process intervention as well as from the HRM intervention. Thus, job design includes the descriptions and the provision of the job which helps in evaluation of the performance as well as enhancement of profitability of the firm. Similarly, in case of ‘Lentil as Anything’, after recruiting the new migrated employees, Shanaka Fernando, the owner of ‘Lentil as Anything’ should offer them specific job related trainings in order to describe the various specifications, rules, responsibilities and requirements. This would assist in enhancing the motivation as well as the eficiency of the employees. Senior & Flemming, stated that it is through job design that the roles and responsibilities are clearly described according t o the past skills and knowledge of the employees. Moreover, it can be identified that the induction training programs are utilized to present the actual procedure of the particular jobs so as to acquire competency and accuracy in the performance. Parker & Wall highlighted that the job design intervention is essential to assess the specific skills and knowledge of the new entrants and helps to evaluate the proficiency level and the expertise gaps as well. Therefore, in order to reduce the skill gaps, various induction tranning programs are offered to the employees to increase their aptitudes and capabilities. Thus, it is essential for ‘Lentil as Anything’ to motivate the employees towards the job by communicating an appropriate design of the jobs. Proper job design helps to accomplish the task responsibilities in a specific time frame and in an skilled manner which ultimately proves beneficial for the employee as well as for the company. Hence, it is obligatory to develo p a particular job design statement for ‘Lentil as Anything’ which might be beneficial for the new employees and the restaurant as well (Accel-Team, 2011; Parker & Wall, 1998). The paragraph mainly highlights the facts about the techno-structural intervention required for the restructuring of the organization. While taking decisions for ‘Lentil as Anything’, Mr. Shanaka Fernando should involve all the employees so as to evaluate the varied viewpoints regarding a particular decision. It also offers proper contribution of the employees regarding a specific circumstance which is clearly observed in the documentary of ‘Lentil as Anything’. In order to sustain in the crisis situation, Mr. Shanaka Fernando decided to expand Lentil in Sydney in order to serve high quality of foods and services to the customers which can enhance the cash inflow and thus, assist in lessening the burden of heavy debt. Notably, this is a strategic decision on his part but without the involvement of the other employees (Cummings & Worley, 2008). Moreover, it can be determined that the involvement of all the employees in the decisison making process leads to increase in the confidence level and the morale of the employees which in turn enhances the employee performance and productivity of the organization. It can be depicted in terms of four elements such as power, skill, information, knowledge and rewards. Power helps to offer enough ability to make job related decisions where timely access to any pertinent information is essential to make any

The Success of the Management of Fork and Dagger Pub Essay - 33

The Success of the Management of Fork and Dagger Pub - Essay Example The fact that the business has existed for numerous years makes the renovations as proposed by Jason inevitable. Similarly, narrowing the business’ target market as proposed by Bradley would enhance its operations thus improving the profitability of the company. Mr. Lynch must, therefore, consider the possibility of consolidating the two approaches with the view of enhancing the longevity of the business and quelling the differences between his sons. Renovating the pub will place it in the modern society. The renovation will seek to satisfy the demands of the modern day customer. In renovating and expanding the pub, the management must consider the demands of the modern day customer thus safeguarding such features as convenient and comfortable. As stated earlier, renovating the pub is inevitable. This implies that Mr. Lynch and his two sons must determine the most appropriate ways of renovating the pub thus positioning the business strategy in the modern society. While doing this, the management must narrow the pub’s target market a feature that will enhance the management. In doing this, Mr. Lynch must consider the importance of diversity in enhancing the profitability and longevity of business in the contemporary market. In expanding and renovating the pub, Mr. Lynch can, therefore, develop a section of the pub and permit Bradley to customize it strategically for its LGBT target market. Jason should then manage the other section that targets the general consumer. This way, the business diversifies its services while safeguarding the peace and unity of the two siblings. Such is an appropriate approach that will serve as an effective marketing research and analysis tool that will provide the two sons with the most appropriate trends in the market thus enabling the two to change the structure of their business based on the response of the market.

The case of the aids patient with Pneumonia Essay

The case of the aids patient with Pneumonia - Essay Example HIV attacks any cell with this binding structure. The white blood cells or T cells of the immune system, which coordinate disease-fighting mechanisms, are especially vulnerable to HIV attack. Of these certain T cells known as CD4 cells are most vulnerable. While infecting a CD4 cell, the HIV utilizes the genetic tools within the cell to replicate itself and then leaves the cell, destroying it in the process. Medical treatment cannot eradicate HIV once it has integrated into human cells. Reduction in the number of CD4 cells exposes a person to all infections as these cells assist other types of immune cells to respond to invading organisms. There are about a1, 000 CD4 cells per micro liter of blood in an average healthy person. The HIV destroys CD4 cells over a period of time, diminishing the cells' protective ability and weakening the immune system. The infected person becomes exposed to nearly 26 infections and rare cancers, which take advantage of the weakened immune defenses to cause disease when this density reduces to 200 cells per micro liter of blood (AIDS). Retroviruses were known as RNA tumor viruses as they have RNA and not DNA, genomes. These were known to cause certain cancers in animals. Howard Temin, in the middle of the twentieth century, studied them and discovered the genetic-like stability of the uncontrolled cell growth caused by these viruses. He proposed the provirus hypothesis, in which RNA tumor viruses cause permanent alterations to cells by integrating into host chromosomes, by virion RNAs which first convert into DNAs and then become integrated (Reverse Transcriptase). HIV infection occurs when a person comes into contact with blood, semen, vaginal secretions or breast milk infected with this virus. It is acquired by having sexual relations with an infected person, using hypodermic needles or by the pricking with an infected needle and by the transfer of the virus from an infected mother to her baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breast-feeding (AIDS). Jerry is suffering from PCP, a kind of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii (p. carinii). This afflicts People with weak immune systems. It's the most common serious infection in people with advanced HIV disease in the United States. (Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia (PCP) and HIV). "Pneumocystis pneumonia is caused by P. carinii, a fungus formerly considered to be a protozoan. Its fungal classification is based in part on 16S ribosomal RNA similarities to fungi, particularly ascomycetes, with spore cases. Its staining with the Gomori methenamine silver stain for fungi also supports its new class ification"(Warnock. 1999). Hence the blood cultures will be negative for bacteria and antibiotics will be of no avail. Surgeons are at the greatest risk of contact with patients' blood and body fluids. Hence, breaches in gloving material are to be avoided. In a study it was found that 17.4% of the surgeons had skin abrasions. 32glove perforations were observed, of which 22were in the outer glove and 10in the inner glove. Only four outer glove perforations had matching inner glove perforations, thus indicating that in 82% of cases when the outer glove is perforated the inner glove will protect the surgeon's hand from contamination. It is recommended that double gloves are used routinely in all surgical procedures in view of the significantly higher protection it

Anatomy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Anatomy - Essay Example , however, they do not inactivate histamine A: is correct because eosinophils primarily deal with parasitic infections. They also involved in inflammatory cells in allergic reactions. 3. B: I chose adaptive immunity, its a correct choise although not the best choice among those given. E: adaptive immunity also called acquired immunity is protection against infective agents that is not present at birth, but comes about later in life. Adaptive immunity is associated with memory and resistance to infection is improved and enhanced through subsequent natural infection of similar type and is also associated with recognition and specificity. 8. B: injury was an incorrect choice because inflammation cause by injury do not dent in when applied pressure and are painful. C: the correct choice was edema because it is an abnormal collection of fluid in a specific part of the body, which may lead to swelling and pain, edema is also characterized by pitting/ denting when pressure is applied. 9. A: was the incorrect choise because basophil are not made from the white pulp of the spleen, although they may mature in the spleen. B: lymphocytes may be deficient this is because the white pulp of the spleen is involved in specifically making and maturation of the lymphocyte cells. 10. C: acquired immunity was the incorrect choise because it comes later in life when the body is sanitized to different disease causing pathogens. A: innate none

Factors that Triggered the Collapse of Communism in Poland in 1989 Essay

Factors that Triggered the Collapse of Communism in Poland in 1989 - Essay Example The economy, politics, cultural and social lives were controlled by the state, which did not allow the establishment of free enterprise. Agriculture was conducted collectively. The system was fully totalitarian with the state controlling all aspects of life. The regime used propaganda to pressurize the people to accepting the policies concerning social issues such as marriage and child bearing. Under communism, it was not easy to divorce, and abortion was illegal. This was not welcome for to the people since they were denied a chance to make their own choice concerning private life. Social education in schools was controlled by the regime in order to ensure that the information that was offered in schools was in line with the communist policies regarding social life. Fees in the upper classes had been designed to reduce the number of children who could go for higher education since only some parents could afford it. The government ensured that important information about it was kept away from the public (Ka-Loc Chan K pp. 66-71). One of the major factors that led to the collapse of communism in Poland was the method which the regime used to govern. Intimidation and force were the common ways that were used on the people, and therefore communism could never get support from the majority. This was a political failure that caused the decline. This is because generally, a political party that lacks public support is politically weak. The failure was amplified by the fact that communism adopted an undemocratic ways of acquiring power and continued using them to enhance its stay in power. The labor strike of 1980 formed the beginning of anti-communism in Poland. This was facilitated by the formation of the trade union whose members were drawn the anti-communist leftists and from the Roman Catholic Church, as some of the members of the Solidarity (The Daily News - September 1981). The union became strong due to the support by rebellious

Family Centered Care in Acute Care Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Family Centered Care in Acute Care - Assignment Example The following paper identifies, summarizes, and critiques three recent research articles concerning family centered care in acute care. I chose this article because it is a qualitative research focused on the needs of the relatives of patients during acute care. The researchers chose a setting that has been neglected for several years in a developing country. The setting is suitable for this research project as it helps to define family centered care in the presence and absence of patient education. Bastani et al researched ways to set up family-oriented health guidelines for patients in a neurosurgery ward and assess its effect on the fulfilment of patients and their relatives. The study took on the design of a collaborative participatory experiment that involved a set of medical nurses and an educational researcher. Bastani et al carried out the research in a neurosurgery ward within a campus hospital with 26 beds (Bastani et al., 2013). Bastani et al use of parallel combined techniques to collect and review information was appropriate. This method allowed the study to discover three key barriers to setting up family centered health guidelines: intra-professional, inter-professional, and institutional. As a result, the full gratification of patients and their relatives showed the effectiveness of the nurses in realizing health informational goals. I chose this article was present a sharp comparison of individual experiences that serve as a paramount trigger the fundamental concept of my project. The findings and method used in this article is suitable for examining the effect of encouraging family centered care inside an acute adult clinical environment. Ewart et al underline the service enhancement project started in a single acute cardiac unit inside a regional hospital trust in the East of England. Here, Ewart et al examined the effect of improving family centered care inside an acute adult environment. The study found over nine months

Encryptions Essay Example for Free

Encryptions Essay In this report I have discussed that the encryption technology is necessary for citizens to protect their privacy and security when using computer networks. Otherwise, medical records, credit card numbers, trade secrets, as well as personal communications relayed over computer networks are not safe from prying eyes. Also I have presented an arguments in favor of encryption that it offers a method of denying access to adversaries, improves security by protecting against spoofing, offers a device for recovering costs plus imposing fees and protects private DGPS providers from government competition. Furthermore I have also explained some arguments against encryption that to put into practice it would potentially weaken U. S. leadership in GPS by encouraging international augmentations that lacked encryption, need a multifaceted key management infrastructure, need a major redesign and development endeavor, causing delays and escalating costs to the government, make innovative safety risks if the key management system failed, mainly in an emergency. Thus the transaction costs imposed by encryption would have to be balanced against the benefits expected. Introduction Encryption software enciphers data sent over computer networks, in order that merely people with special information for instance a secret key can read the plaintext of the message. The key is a string of numbers. The longer the string, the harder it is to break. In January 2000 the Department of Commerce announced new encryption export policy. Under the new system, U. S. companies may export any encryption product around the world to private-sector end users or commercial firms after a one-time technical review. Encryption products that the Bureau of Export Administration (BXA) determines fall into the category of â€Å"retail encryption commodities and software† can be exported to anyone. In determining which products fit the meaning, the BXA will think about the products function, sales volume, plus distribution methods. Publicly available source code may be exported with no technical review. The relaxation of export controls on products planned for e-commerce merchants, financial institutions, and others is a step in the right direction. However problems remain. First, the â€Å"publicly available† or â€Å"sales volume† tests doom U. S. companies to lag behind foreign cryptographers in offering innovative encryption products. No pioneer product is so far â€Å"publicly available† or has a large sales volume. The revised encryption rules therefore still permit foreign cryptographers to take the lead in developing new crypto products. Second, any encryption products have to be submitted for a technical review before release. This means that encryption will not be built into most mass-market products. For instance, it would make sense to construct an encryption option into a standard e-mail program. However, building encryption into an e-mail program would mean that the e-mail program could not be exported without a long, uncertain technical review. To stay away from the technical review, companies are probable to leave out the encryption function. Network security will carry on to suffer for the reason that encryption will not be built into mass-market products like e-mail or word processing programs. Third, the condition that encryption products be submitted for review before release violates the First Amendment. In April 2000 the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals established that encryption source code is speech protected by the First Amendment. The obligation that encryption products be reviewed prior to release is a â€Å"prior restraint† on speech. Those problems with encryption export controls are extensively recognized. The alternatives to the controls, though, have barely been examined, with the exception of â€Å"key escrow,† or â€Å"key recovery. † Mainly, it is wrong to bar anyone from using nonescrow encryption to communicate when he has done nothing wrong. Demands for obligatory key escrow constitute an unparalleled power grab on the part of law enforcement officials. The police have always had the right, restricted by the Fourth Amendment, to intercept private communications and read them, if they could. The police have never had the right to demand that people change the language in which they communicate to make themselves easier to understand. There are further alternatives to encryption regulations for law enforcement. They comprise increased use of informants and other surveillance technologies for instance the planting of physical bugs or devices such as Tempest, which allows law enforcement to read the screen of a computer through walls or doors. Encryption export controls must be lifted without qualification. GPS-related cryptographic A GPS-related cryptographic system can be used for two reasons: denial of the signal to unauthorized users, as well as protection of the message itself to, prevent alterations or the creation of a substitute message. The former makes a vital portion of the message unavailable to non-authorized users. In military schemes preservation of a one-sided advantage may be of interest; in a commercial setting the capability to eliminate nonpaying users is essential to collect revenue. Authenticating the message through use of an encrypted signature block that may both authenticate the sender of the message and confirm the contents is consistent with application in the civil government sector, where making sure integrity of the message is significant. In a DGPS context, encryption might be inserted at one of several points in the transmission of the signal to the user. Encryption may defend the uplink in a satellite relay, the original messages to the satellite, also the command functions on the satellite. Or encryption might protect the signature region of a message that points out its authenticity and the integrity of the main message payload. A third option might be to encrypt the complete message. Other variants comprise encrypting merely selective portions of the message. Throughout the hearing, there was disagreement over how multifaceted the key management infrastructure needed to be. The underlying policy question was how protected and dependable the encryption must be. As Dr. Denning put it, in any encryption, something must remain secret. (Bruce Schnier, 1994). For some proprietary algorithms, no keys need to be distributed, and this is generally adequate for commercial systems for instance cable TV and the DGPS providers. If an open algorithm is used, keys and a related key management system are required to gain international acceptance. The desired future of electronic, over-the-air rekeying is not yet here. In the case of military systems, both keys as well as classified algorithms are used. There are a number of technical approaches that might be taken to encrypting the signals for local- and wide-area DGPS applications using private-key and Public-key encryption schemes. A few schemes involve over-the-air rekeying devices to enable/disable the capability of specific units to receive messages. Other schemes involve comparatively simple authentication mechanisms that would not have to be tied to individual units and would depend on the capability to avert alteration or forging of a message. As one would think, trying to deny signals to end-users is an involved process from the point of view of managing keys and of keeping track of which unit belongs to which person or group. Nonetheless, if the goal is to permit control of the use of a signal rather than, say, prevention of reception of the signal by cutting of transmissions in a given area, then one is forced to these more elaborate schemes. (Simon Garfinkel, 1995) The objective of encryption must be decided before selecting a particular approach. If the main goal is authenticating the message and preventing false messages, there is no need to go to the expense and intricacy of a system that refutes the fundamental message by encrypting the entire message stream. If encrypting the stream in the future is desired, it may be appropriate to use a more complicated scheme as long as the possible future benefits are expected to offset related costs and possible opposition. The intricacy of denial-focused approaches plus the apparition of selectively controlling the signal will make incentives for alternative standards and systems outside of U. S. control.

Parents With Mental Illness Social Work Essay

Parents With Mental Illness Social Work Essay This paper explains the circumstances of a parent living with a mental illness and disclaims the assumption that this dilemma at all times results in abuse or neglect six articles are referenced for this paper, providing related research on the topic. Some authors provide examples of adults who live with a mental illness and the struggles to provide and nurture their family. Others support the notion that mental illness, although a difficult ailment, does not always result in an abusive or dysfunctional home. The author examines numerous claims that living with a mental illness puts a family at risk for neglect. The author maintains that this circumstance does not automatically equal abuse in a home, but rather, present hardships to overcome. Parents with Mental Illness: Arguments of an Abusive Home Many opinions conclude that mentally ill parents are not able to care for their children and often create the outcome of a neglectful home. There is a stigma out there that these children of adults with a mental illness are at risk for growing up in an abusive home. Although this may be true in certain instances, there is much research to counter this argument and provide support that a high percentage of mentally ill parents work very hard to overcome and handle their obstacles, and provide a loving and functional home. To further understand the background of the issue this topic should be looked into with great detail. The purpose of this paper is to do just that, by giving evidence for and against the topic, by looking into ways that some families adjust and how others dont. This paper looks into claims that go along with the assumption of abuse stemming from a home with mental illness and provides statistics against it, and in support of parents being able to deal with these kind s of difficulties. Much research has been done in the area of effects of mental illness in the family. One of which was an article by authors Swartz, Swanson, Hiday, Borum, Wagner, and Burns (1998) that suggests that the presence of a mental illness are often times associated with serious violent acts, according to the Violence and Severe Mental Illness article. It explains how adults with psychiatric problems often times self medicate with alcohol or other substances instead of regularly taking their prescribed medication. The medication noncompliance, substance abuse, and overall mental illnesses create a huge problem within a family. Individuals in this position cannot take care of themselves; much less keep a family healthy. With all the stress stated previously, often times a parent may become violent as a way of coping. It was found that alcohol or other drug abuse problems  combined with poor adherence to medication may signal a higher  risk of violent behavior among persons with severe ment al illness (Violence and Severe Mental Illness). Within this type of a situation children become withdrawn, scared, and depending on the age may begin acting out themselves. There has been other research, like this, that shows a correlation between violent and neglectful homes and parents with a mental illness. These tend to aim more towards the lack of proper medication and instead, the substitute of alcohol or other drugs by the parent. One such article by Danson , Gold, Barreira, and Fisher (2008) indicates that as unhealthy as the mentally ill parent is, the child is as equally effected, if not more so. Research by Danson et al. (2008) revealed that situations with severe substance  abuse by a parent,  there is a high recurrence of less frequent parent-child  contact. The more a parent turns to substances to self medicate, there is less and less contact with their children. This is where most people draw the conclusion that a parent with a mental illness, results in a negl ectful or abusive home. Studies have shown that this results in lifelong problems in kids, such as a feeling of isolation, separation anxiety, boundary issues, anger, and depression. Children need their parents to be present. Even if struggling with a mental illness, a child needs their parent involved in their lives. Although there is much research that views adults with mental illnesses as precursors to neglectful and abusive parents, there is a great deal of studies that argue against it. Rethink is a severe mental illness foundation, aiming to assist those suffering, family who are affected, as well as a goal of clearing up any misconceptions glued to this illness. Their overall conclusions are being a parent with mental illness can be both challenging and rewarding. People often stigmatize and assume that children born to people with mental illness will experience social and emotional difficulties, that they may be abused or neglected. But parents with mental illness can be good parents if they receive appropriate support (Parents with Mental Illness). This is where the argument comes in. The opposing views from earlier in the paper were accurate in the sense that it is difficult to deal with side effects of medications and many parents living with a mental illness self medicate instead. But this is not true in many instances. Numerous studies have shown that many parents dealing with this issue take the proper steps to mend themselves and their families. The main i dea of Rethink seemed to state that despite the stigma attached to psychological illnesses, these families are just as capable of having a functional relationship as those who are lucky enough not to face this obstacle. It was found that often times the family of a loved one dealing with a mental illness, is forgotten. Between all the chaos and stress of helping the hurting individual, the family takes a back seat. The family member with a mental illness is not always able to care for family and both parents tend to focus on fixing the one in pain. It is shown that many mentally ill parents are afraid to lose their children, and because of this work very hard to mend what was broken and create as peaceful of a life as they can. They are getting the help they need to be able to take care of their children. A high percentage are making their family lives thrive, not giving up and neglecting their children. There is support to show that a great number of mentally ill adults are reachin g out to appropriate support. Some of these summarized in the article included the many ways parents try to mend their family and the ways they reach out. Such as, education classes for parenting and support groups, it is important to receive help from outside support to improve the environment surrounding the family, as well as positive friendships and peer relationships. These tactics greatly contribute to helping an individual dealing with the chaos of a mental illness, become balanced again. Talking with others who understand the difficulties and reaching out to those who can help, give a parent peace of mind. And this sets them up for success. In addition to this article, Coping with Mental Illness summarizes the many outlets adults with a mental illness have to helping their children and affected family members succeed, once they are balanced themselves. Numerous instances prove that children of mentally ill parents as well as other family members in these situations do not al ways receive the care and nurturing they need. They may feel ashamed to talk about their situation with others and consequently may withdraw from relatives or friends who could help them or support them. Often unable to articulate their needs, even to themselves, these individuals frequently feel isolated and alone (Coping with Mental Illness in the Family). Its extremely difficult for a child to know exactly whats going on when their parent is breaking down, where to turn for help, or what to do to help the family. In these instances, families who have made it through and made the situation better, have reached out for help. Research shows that these families have discussions about understanding that a parent is mentally ill and acknowledge how this is going to affect the other members of the family. News ways of taking care of each individual are discussed and boundaries are drawn, so that certain people arent being taken advantage of or acting outside of their familial role. Lear ning a new way to deal with old unhealthy family patterns also gives family members a leg up. The cycle of harmful family habits can be broken and new communications started. From these two viewpoints, a conclusion must be drawn that whether or not a family is going to pull through a difficult time as this, it depends on the individuals and the amount of assistance they receive as well as the amount of effort they are willing to put into making their family function. It is clear that mentally ill parents have a tough burden to work through. Living with a mental illness is difficult, and many individuals have a tough time functioning and finding a balance. Because some have a hard time making it, their families suffer. Children may be abused and neglected by a parent who isnt in their right state of mind, but studies show that this is not the norm. Many parents have helpful resources in and outside the family. Many take on the challenge of finding the correct medication. And many work extremely hard to take care of themselves, so they can in turn take care of their family. Evidence shows, a high percentage of families with a mentally ill parent, get throug h life just fine.

Eve’s Apology Essay -- Literary Analysis, Aemilia Lanyer

Is this an apology or blame? In the beginning, God tells Adam not to eat the forbidden fruit. Adam disobeys God by doing so, but most people put the blame on Eve. In the poem, â€Å"Eve’s Apology,† Eve expresses her feelings toward the entire situation and shows how she is not to blame. She blames Adam for the pain we endure today. Eve eats from the forbidden tree out of curiosity. She wants to share it with Adam, so he can feel like she feels. Eve gives the fruit to Adam out of love, but she does not force him to eat it. Adam has control of his mind, so he disobeys God on his own. â€Å"Do not the thing that goes against thy heart† (Lanyer 424). Aemilia Lanyer, the author of the poem, â€Å"Eve’s Apology,† lived in the mid 1500’s and 1600’s. Living in this time period, had much influence on her writing. She published her landmark book, Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum, the same year that the King James Bible and three of Shakespeare’s plays were published (Wilhelm 424). Lanyer brings out the life of this poem with the poetic devices, irony, and unusual language. To begin, the poem, â€Å"Eve’s Apology,† uses many different poetic devices such as alliteration, assonance, rhyme scheme, and simile. The author uses a great number of alliteration, which is the repetition of constant sounds generally at the beginnings of words. Alliteration can be seen in the words â€Å"what† and â€Å"weakness† in line 3. Some more examples of alliteration throughout the poem are â€Å"subtle serpent’s† (23), â€Å"he had him† (24), and â€Å"with words which† (30). Assonance, the repetition of the same or similar vowel sounds in stressed syllables that end with different consonant sounds, is another poetic device that the author uses greatly. Some examples of assonance are found in lines 10 â€Å" The ‘p... ...g this poem, the author reveals older examples of words and phrases that we do not know or use today. Throughout "Eve's Apology," Layner confidently makes her point of female inequality and female injustice by using poetic devices, while continuing to keep an ironic tone and bring out unusual language. She is clearly trying to prove that woman and men are equal. She suggests that because Adam is a man, thus "stronger" than Eve, he should be held responsible for eating the forbidden fruit rather than the "weaker" Eve. Layner believes that men should not look down upon women as lesser and weaker than themselves; she successfully proves that women deserve an equal status with men. Throughout the poem, Layner makes the point that the reason men have always been condescending to woman is dishonest because men are actually more at fault for the pain we endure today.

The Crusade for Equal Rights in the United States Essay -- American Hi

The struggle for equal rights has been an ongoing issue in the United States. For most of the twentieth century Americans worked toward equality. Through demonstrations, protests, riots, and parades citizens have made demands and voiced their concerns for equal rights. For the first time minority groups were banding together to achieve the American dream of liberty and justice for all. Whether it was equality for women, politics, minorities, or the economy the battle was usually well worth the outcome. I have chosen articles that discuss some of the struggles, voyages, and triumphs that have occurred. The people discussed in the following articles represent only a portion of those who suffered. The first speech that I chose was written by Martin Luther King Jr. in December 1955. The speech was given in Montgomery, Alabama and spoke to African-Americans who gathered in protest after the arrest of Rosa Parks. She refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a city bus and was subsequently arrested. The African-American community decided to protest the decision and a mass rally ensued. According to Foner, â€Å"Martin Luther King Jr. invoked Christian and American ideals of justice and democracy in his speeches.† (901) King used these themes to address the protestors and spoke of Rosa Parks’ character, morals, and integrity. Martin Luther King Jr. was a national symbol of the civil rights struggle and advocated for the African-American community by protesting in a non-violent manner. The demonstrations and protests that were led by King evoked the lack of freedom, justice, and equality that African-Americans endured. Even with all of the injustices that occurred, African-Americans were proud to be American and use... ...rations. Segregation, which was once considered the norm, is now a thing of the past because of such demonstrations. Women were considered inferior to men and were forced to stay at home in the traditional role of housewife until the 1960s. The fact that women united together for equality allowed them to become active in politics, professional roles, and have control over their own bodies. Protestors in the 90s brought attention to inequality on a different level. The environment and economic inequality were now pressing issues. Demonstrations brought public attention to environmental, global, and economic issues. Without unity from these groups the United States would be a completely different country. It is with great admiration that I discuss the events and struggles that these people endured, for I don’t know if I would have the courage to do the same.

The Usage Of A Bandgap Reference Voltage Engineering Essay

A bandgap mention electromotive force is an indispensable constituent of an parallel to digital converter.It is frequently used to provide a mention electromotive force which is compared with others voltages.The bandgap mention used in diverse applications is based on the thought of Hilbiler in 1964 [ 1 ] aˆ‚A bandgap mention electromotive force with low sensitiveness to temperature and supply electromotive force is normally required in parallel or digital circuits. Low electromotive force and low power are two of import design standards in both parallel and digital systems.It been expected that the whole electronics system will be operated down to a individual 1-V supply in near future.The bandgap mention ( BGR ) generators which can be operated under 1-V supply have been widely used in DRAM, falsh memories, analog-digital convertor ( ADC ) and assorted parallel devices.So far many techniques have been proposed to develop electromotive force or current mentions, which can be about independent to temperature and power supply voltage.The bandgap mention is the major design to supply a preciseness electromotive force mention with low sensitiveness to the temperature and the power supply.when CMOS engineerings enter the nano-scale epoch, The demand for battery operated portable equipments will increase.the supply electromotive force has been scaled down from 1.8V ( in 0.18 µm engineering ) to 1.2V ( in 0.13 µm engineering ) , and will drop to merely 0.9V in the following coevals engineering [ 2 ] .In CMOS engineering, the parasitic perpendicular bipolar junction ( BJT ) had been normally used to implement P-N junction of the bandgap reference.But the traditional CMOS bandgap mention circuits did non work in sub 1-V supply voltage.the ground, that the minimal supply electromotive force can non be lower than 1V is constrained by two factors, which is the bandgap electromotive force of around 1.25V in Si, which is exceeds 1V supply.The others factor is the low-tension design of the relative to absolute temperature current coevals cringle is limited by input common-mode electromotive force of the amplifier.These two limitions can be solved by utilizing the resistive subdivision methods, low threshold electromotive force ( or indigen ) device, BiCMOS procedure or DTMOS device.However, those attacks frequently require specialised procedure and word picture which addition fiction cost and procedure stairss. Reference electromotive force generators are required to be stabilized over procedure, electromotive force and temperature fluctuations and besides implemented without alteration of fiction process.The bandgap mention ( BGR ) is one of the most popular mention electromotive force generators that successfully achieve the requirements.regarding the generators, the demand for the low power and low electromotive force operation is strongly increasing the spread of the battery-operated portable applications.A bandgap mention electromotive force is an indispensable constituent of an analog-to-digital converterIt is frequently used to provide a mention electromotive force which is compared with others voltage. A bandgap mention electromotive force with low sensitiveness to temperature and supply electromotive force is normally required in parallel or digital circuits.there are several methods to recognize a temperature independent voltage.the base emitter junction used as a nucleus constitu ent of the bandgap mention is the most popular approach.the general bandgap mention electromotive force mention electromotive force is described by a additive combination of base-emitter electromotive force. Bandgap mention circuit is widely used to supply stable current and electromotive force mentions in parallel circuits every bit good as in assorted signal CMOS circuits.A stable mention circuit should be robust against temperature, power supply and procedure variations.Sub-1-V mention coevals has got importance due to scaling ensuing in shrinking of MOS dimensions and decrease of power supply to minimise power ingestion. owing to follow Moore ‘s Law, it has become needfully of import to diminish the power in the chip.This puts the restraint on the power dissipation of mention generators.the design of this bandgap besides see for low power operation..In traditional BGR circuit, bipolar transistors and one or more resistances are used.BJTs that are used in BGR are in parasitic signifier in CMOS.resistor occupy big country on the bit and hence addition the cost.on bit tolerance of resistances vary from 20 % to 30 % .So, we have to replaced these constituents with MOS transistors t o better public presentation of BGR and to salvage bit area.The combination of different runing parts like subthreshold, additive and impregnation of MOS suppresses the temperature dependance of electromotive force mention.Aims:To set up a dc electromotive force or current that is independent of the supply and procedure and has a chiseled behaviour with temperature. To plan the BGR that independently to temperature and low noise and low electromotive force To plan bandgap mention that can be successfully operated with sub 1-V supply in standard 0.35 CMOS procedure without particular procedure engineering.Problem statementWhen CMOS technologies enter the nano-scales epoch, the demand for battery-operated portable equipments will increase.The supply electromotive force has been scaled down from 1.8V ( in 0.18 m engineering ) to 1.2V ( in 0.13 engineering ) and will drop to merely 0.9V in the following engineering [ 2 ] .in CMOS engineering, the parasitic perpendicular bipolar junction transistor ( BJT ) had been used to implement the high preciseness bandgap electromotive force references.However, the convential BGR generates a 1.25V mention voltage.Its fixed end product electromotive force limited the supply electromotive force and non suited for sub 1-V supply volateg operation.The ground why the conventional CMOS bandgap mention did non work in close 1-V supply voltage.One is that the bandgap end product electromotive force is about 1 .25V [ 3 ] , which exceeds 1-V supply.The others is that the low temperature electromotive force design of the relative to absolute temperature current coevals cringle is limited by the input common-mode electromotive force of the amplifier.These two restrictions can be solved by utilizing the resistive subdivision method [ 4 ] , low threshold electromotive force device [ 5 ] , BiCMOS procedure or DTMOST [ 6 ] . But, those attacks frequently require specialised procedure and word picture which can increase fiction cost and procedure step.However, the bandgap mention working in low supply electromotive force has a higher temperature coeeficient than that of traditional bandgap reference.This resulted in the development of new temperature compensated techniques such as quadratic temperature compensation [ 7 ] , exponential temperature compensation [ 8 ] , piecewise additive curvature rectification [ 9 ] and resistance temperature compensation [ 10 ] .To implement these advanced mathem atical maps with high truth, the development of the low electromotive force bandgap construction requires precision matching of current mirrors or a pre-regulated supply electromotive force, cascade current mirror [ 11 ] , and pre-regulated circuit are good methods to work out this problem.but the minimal supply electromotive force is tradeoff.Scope of work:A typical CMOS execution of a bandgap mention is shown in Fig. 1. The end product mention electromotive force VREF of the traditional bandgap mention circuit can be written as: Equation 1 trad bgr.bmp Figure 1: Traditional/conventional BGR circuit in CMOS engineering where A1 and A2 is the emitter countries of Q1 and Q2, and VT is thermic electromotive force. The 2nd term in ( 1 ) is relative to the absolute temperature ( PTAT ) , which is used to call off the negative temperature coefficient of VEB. Hence, if a proper ration of resistances is kept, an end product electromotive force with lowsensitivity to the temperature can be obtained. In general, the VREF is about 1.25 V, so that the conventional bandgap mention circuit can non be used in low electromotive force application, such as 1 V. Mention electromotive forces and/or currents with small dependance to temperature turn out utile in many parallel circuits. As many procedure parametric quantities vary with temperature, if a mention is temperature-independent, it is normally processindependent every bit good. If two measures with opposite temperature coefficient are added with proper weighting, the attendant measure theoretically exhibits zero temperature coefficient. The construct of the new proposed bandgap mention is that the two electromotive forces ( which are relative to VEB and VT ) are generated by merely one feedback cringle. The two-stage operational amplifier with p-channel input is used in thisnew proposed bandgap mention. The new proposed bandgap mention is shown in Fig. 2, which uses the resistive subdivision R1a, R1b, R2a and R2b to cut down the input common-mode electromotive force of the amplifier.The dimensions of PMOS devices M1 and M2 are the same.The opposition of R1a and R2a is the same, and th e resistanceof R1b and R2b is the same. Following the KCL at the nodesof V1 and V2 in Fig. 2, the mention electromotive force can be expressed as New Picture.bmp Equation 2 Where and.According to equation below: ) /R4 We can expressed equation 2.The point of Vref-conv is indistinguishable to the conventional mention electromotive force in equation ( 1 ) .In order to accomplish sub 1-V operation, the ratio of R1b/ ( R1a+R1b ) is used to scale down the mention electromotive force level.Therefore, the minimal supply electromotive force of the new proposed BGR can be efficaciously reduced to merely. The new proposed BGR mentions can operated under bomber 1V.The whole complete circuit to recognize the proposed bomber 1V BGR is shown below: New Picture ( 1 ) .bmp Figure 2: Complete circuit for new proposed Sub1V So, from the comparing above, I can clearly cognize what I will make on my ain undertaking, what my range of work.From this, i ‘ll go on the new proposed BGR design that already done but I will seek to minimise the supply electromotive force, temperature independent and noise consequence as possible so the BGR will successfully operated in sub 1-V.

Human Digestion Essay

The salivary glands are the first to react in the digestive process, which are usually triggered by either the sight or the smell of food. Food enters the digestive tract through the mouth where the teeth, tongue, and salivary glands help moisten and break down the food within minutes. The food then becomes something called a bolus, which will travel through the pharynx, then through the esophagus, and into the stomach. As the food travels through the pharynx the epiglottis is in place to prevent food from entering the lungs. Once the bolus enters the stomach it is broken down with acid secretions. The food is partially digested within the stomach. The bolus then becomes chyme (a semiliquid food). Chyme usually leaves the stomach during a time frame of 2-6 hours. The small intestine is where most of the digestion and nutrient absorption takes place with the help of secretions from the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. The small intestine consists of three parts: the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. Anything that is not absorbed in the small intestine then enters the large intestine travelling through the sphincter. The sphincter prevents any of the remaining food from re-entering the small intestine. The large intestine is made up of two major parts: the colon and the rectum. The colon aids in the absorption of leftover water, vitamins, or minerals. Anything left over after this process is considered waste product (feces) and is then excreted from the body via the anus, which  is attached to the colon. Reference Human Digestion Activity. Retrieved August 21, 2009 from http://corptrain.phoenix.edu/axia/sci241/sci241-digestivetract.html

Miles Davis Research Paper

The King of Jazz â€Å"I’m always thinking about creating. My future starts when I wake up every morning. Everyday I find something creative to do with my life† (Davis 4). Miles Davis is the individual that made jazz the way it is today. Miles Davis still is a leading and influential figure in jazz ( Davis 1). When most people hear the word trumpet, they automatically picture Miles. His weird personality and his bizarre characteristics, make him a legend in the music scene. Davis explored many different sides of jazz, and went out of his way to be different.Growing up in St. Louis, he picked up the trumpet at a very young age. Shortly after picking up the trumpet, he enrolled at Julliard School of Music. After two years at Julliard, he left and started his career. His success escalated quickly (Davis 1). Miles Davis should be considered one of the most influential jazz musicians because of his weird traits, his ability to bring up young musicians, and his creation of ma ny styles in Jazz. Many people that Miles associated with speak of his interesting personality. He forced himself to hang with different crowds of people. Miles always seemed full of energy, and excitement when I talked to him. His words always had meaning, deep meaning† (Hentoff, Nat). These weird traits are what make Miles, Miles Davis. â€Å"I was a weird son of a bitch. Always saying the strangest things to Diz. He would always just look at me with this dumb stare. The cat eventually learned to not ask me questions no more† (Miles, 2). Miles Mckinney 2 talks about his interesting personality in his own autobiography. Davis was an interesting man, with many strengths and weaknesses, which eventually wrecked his life.His drug life was terrible; it was making him act weird, and develop traits that he wouldn’t have normally taken on. â€Å"The different drugs I was taking was messing me up. Even my idols looked down on me. They was disappointed at me, and the de cisions I was making,† says miles in his autobiography (Miles 2). Miles was well known for many things he said and did. His personality will live on, as well as his music. Different musicians were always going in and out of Davis’s band. He would always have the youngest, hotshot player in the area he was living in.All of the people that Miles was playing with brought something new to their sound. If he didn’t like the way they played, or if they didn’t bring anything new and complex to the table, Miles would have them out of there in an instant (Miles, 5). Kenny Garrett was only 18 when he started playing with Miles. I met Dr. Garrett in February of 2012, and got the chance to ask him many questions about his experience with Miles Davis. When I asked about his experience with Miles, he replied with an answer that was powerful. â€Å"Playing with Miles was unlike anything I have ever experienced in my life.Every note meant something to him. When we were p laying, there was energy unlike no other. If he didn’t like the way you were playing something, he would let you know exactly how to fix it. I learned more than I ever have before, playing with him†, replied Dr. Garrett when I spoke with him. He had the ability to make a musician grow, and develop unlike anyone. Although he gave them freedom, he allowed them to develop into fine musicians. He was an inspiration to them, and watched as they succeeded (Hentoff, Nat). Mckinney 3 Miles was at the forefront of many different eras of Jazz.Because all of the people in and out of his band, he always had a new sound. The different sounds that his band produced, called for new eras in jazz (PBS, 5). The most important style of jazz that Miles lead was â€Å"Cool Jazz†. His quartet, with the help of Charlie Parker, got heavy into bebop music. This style was widely copied around the United States, and became huge. Later in his life, Davis was big into the electric side of mu sic. He recruited electric piano player Chick Corea, and his band sounded unlike anything other. He started bringing in guitar players, and really used technology as a catalyst in his music (Miles, 5).In his career, Miles went through so many stages and styles. You can listen to his music, and tell what year the album was recorded. These vast eras that he was a part of makes him an extremely influential musician. Although Miles struggled with different obstacles in his life, he should still be considered one of the most influential people of all time. Many of the things he did in the old days, still live on in the music scene today. Not only did he have a unique personality but also was a fine teacher, and formed new styles of jazz in his playing.His songs still blast in many peoples’ homes, and his licks are still played by many musicians today. His most famous album, Kind of Blue, recorded and released in 1959, still sells five-hundred thousand copies a year. Davis died on September 28th 1991, in Santa Monica, California (PBS, 5). He died doing what he loved, and did best. His name, and his music will continue to touch people every day. Miles Davis will live on, in a legendary manor. He is by far one of the most influential people to have walked on this earth.

Bosh the Rightful

â€Å"His Airness† – that’s what people call him. Michael Jordan is indeed one of the most notable of all sports superstars. Then came a surprise. Still in his prime and internationally recognized as â€Å"the best basketball player on the planet,† Michael Jordan closed the door on the most glorious NBA stint and walked away in 1997, leaving a tremendous void in the sport and raising the question of who will replace him as the game's ambassador and marquee play.Not since Muhammad Ali has an athlete so dramatically affected a sport on virtually every level — transcending basketball as a sport and becoming an international figure that probably would be recognized in some of the remotest spots in the world. Michael Jordan, born in 1963, is considered by many to be the greatest player in basketball history. The 6 ft 6 in (198 cm) shooting guard first became known as an explosive individual scorer, but as he matured as a player he adopted a more team-ori ented approach to the game.Jordan led the Chicago Bulls to six National Basketball Association (NBA) championships (1991-1993, 1996-1998). His widespread appeal to fans helped make basketball one of the world’s most popular spectator sports (Stein, 2005). After his retirement, what's the possibility of someone wearing the crown of a guy who brought an unprecedented level of excitement to the game, did things on the court that other players simply couldn't do – and made it look easy while he was doing it?What's the likelihood of someone sharing the pedestal with the guy who won three MVP awards, led his team to three consecutive championships, had seven straight scoring titles, boosted television ratings an average of 17 percent when the Bulls played, collected two Olympic gold medals, earned an estimated $36 million annually in endorsements, and was the top draw on the road, attracting an average of 18,433 fans per game in his last season? Not surprisingly, there's a p opular thought among Jordan fans who say there'll never be another Michael Jordan.However, there are new NBA rookies out there who might match the outstanding mark Jordan made in basketball history. Then, came Chris Bosh of Toronto Raptors. Chris Bosh was born March 4, 1984 and was number 4 in the NBA draft pick in 2003. A power forward, he’s a great inside and outside player. Few are blessed with his athletic prowess as he plays with a good amount of aggressiveness, but doesn't get out of control or lose his composure easily. His long frame and amazing fluidity, he runs the floor exceptionally well.Bosh doesn't have the perimeter skills of Kevin Garnett, namely shooting, but appears to like playing in the post more so than Jordan and could end up filling out into more of a dominating post player. Has great ball handling skills and really can pass the ball. He has some developed post moves and an advanced offensive game for a 21 year old. He can even step out to three point l and and hit a few long range shots. Most sports critics say, he understands the game well, doesn't make unnecessary moves, uses the drop step and jumps hook effectively.Because of his long arms, timing, and explosiveness, he is an excellent shot blocker. The team even goes to him to bring the ball up the court at times as a point forward. He is now dubbed as â€Å"Air Canada† comparable to Michael Jordan’s â€Å"Air Jordan† tag (Forrest, 2005). But, he’s more famous to the title as â€Å"The Future†. When the Raptors claimed the NBA title against the Chicago earlier this year, Bosh is getting a step closer in his path to equal Michael Jordan’s fabulous feats.No one might be comparable to Jordan now, but surely there will be â€Å"The Future† who might be giving us the hopes and the thrills of the game we just love, which is basketball. Works Cited Stein, Marc. â€Å"Michael Jordan. † Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2005 [CD-ROM]. Red mond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2005. Forrest, Ben. The Unveiling of Chris Bosh. Brock Press, Ontario, February 22, 2005. Acquired online last November 17, 2005 at http://www. brockpress. com/media/paper384/news/2005/02/22/Sports/The-Unveiling. Of. Chris. Bosh-872851. shtml? norewrite&sourcedomain=www. brockpress. com

Coping with Stress

Stress can be defined as â€Å"an unpleasant and arousing experience that fills people with negative and unhealthy emotions† (Assassin, Feint, Markus, 2014). Lazarus and Folkway (1984) designated two general types of coping strategies, problem-focused coping, and emotion-focused coping. Problem- focused coping is cognitive and behavioral efforts to alter a stressful situation, and emotional-focused coping is cognitive and behavioral efforts to reduce the distress produced by a stressful situation.A third alternative has been presented by Shells Taylor and and Lisa Spinally, this alternative is known as reactive coping. Proactive coping is up-front efforts to ward off or modify the onset of a stressful event. Then there is social support, the helpful coping resources provided by friends and other people. (Assassin, Feint, Markus, 2014) Of the four types of coping strategies mentioned, use all of them. I use problem-focused coping when I feel like the situation either could have been avoided or could be remedied with a deal of effort on my behalf.Like most people do like stress, and try to do everything that I can to end it, and I try o do so without causing myself additional stress. When it comes to financial stress, will try to find ways to either work more hours or do something to make more money. Of course, taking that approach can cause me additional stress, especially while going to school full time. That's when I may find myself contemplating on taking a semester off from school to free of time to work more and create a financial cushion for myself. I use emotion-focused coping when I feel like the stressful situation is out of my control.While being in the litany, I missed a lot of holidays and birthdays with my family, to cope with this, reminded myself why I chose to serve, that it was only temporary, and that holidays are just another day and focused on the positives, like the fact that had a stable job during the holidays while a lot of people did not. (Assassin, Feint, Markus, 2014) After a while, we tend to recognize when a previously experienced stress is about to show up, or when we find ourselves engaging in certain activity that we know will end up with us in a stressful situation, we utilize proactive coping.We use this probably more often than realize, whenever I feel myself procrastinating with any kind of important business, but then think of the consequences, I get to work to avoid those consequences. I obey the law to avoid the stress of tickets or jail time. There are many different scenarios that proactive coping can be used, and to me it is the best strategy so we can nip it in the bud. (Assassin, Feint, Markus, 2014) Social coping is probably the most utilized strategy of all. With such an influx of social media portals, we see a lot of venting and request for opinions.

Economics for Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Economics for Business - Essay Example Non economists believe in the existence of giffen goods which have an up-ward sloping curve, Veblen goods are the ones whose demand decreases with decrease in the prices and the inferior goods demand decreases with increase in income. Depending on where the VM products lie, this will determine the likely shift on demand. Loyal consumers of VM products will have the services delivered on demand. Demand is the economic want backed up by purchasing power, demand curve represents the amount of a good that buyers are willing to purchase at various prices assuming all other non price factors remain constant i.e. at ceteris paribus. In a free market, quantity demanded and quantity supplied depends on the market price. In our case the decrease in demand is likely because shifts in the demand curve towards the left.1 In our case of VM the demand of the services will be affected by the non price factor. For the consumers to continue demanding its services, they have to improve their terms with them. As the VM claims that the SkyB is coerce with its customers, meaning that they are competing firms and therefore it's a substitute for the VM consumers. To mitigate these consequences of the likely decrease in demand, it can lower the prices for the customers who demand for their services and this is likely to increase its demand against that of its competitors if there is free market a d therefore has a bigger market share. It can also improve the quality of its services that it delivers to its customers; this is because the demand of a normal good is likely to increase with its increase in its quality. VM can also promote isits products through public awareness, this can be done through advertising, sales promotion, offering free services at certain time, and it can also use road shows. 2 Question two Market is a group of buyers and sellers exchanging goods that are likely substitutable for one another. Markets are defined by the demand conditions that exist; they embody the zone of consumer's choice for the goods or services. Markets exists in two dimensions- a. Product type b. Geographical area Market structure refers to the selected number of organizational characteristic of the market that establishes the relationship between buyers and sellers of a certain product; market structure analysis is therefore the study of organizational features of market that is believed to have significance for conduct behavior and performance of firms comprising the market. In simple theoretical analysis, the concept of market was traditionally defined as consisting of buyers and sellers of a homogenous good who have insufficiently close contact with each other that o single price prevails The major market structures are: Perfect competition: This is where the market has very many firms producing homogenous product. Monopolistic competition: This is also called competitive market, this is where there are very many firms and each commands a small share of the market share.] Oligopoly: This is where the market is dominated by many small firms which own more than 40% 0f the market share. Oligopsony: This is where the market is dominated by a few buyers with many sellers Monopoly: This is where there is only one provider of a certain product. Natural monopoly: This is a monopoly in which economies of scale cause efficiency to increase as the firm

International Business Management (Case Analysis) Case Study - 1

International Business Management ( Analysis) - Case Study Example The relationship between the government and businesses are highly connected and interdependent. Democracy is a political system where citizens participate in the governance and decision-making processes either directly or indirectly through their elected representatives. Freedom is the defining characteristic of democracy. In decentralized democracies such as USA and Canada, companies are likely to face different and conflicting laws from province or state to another. Totalitarianism is a political system where citizens seldom if ever, participate in the governance and decision-making process (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). An individual or agent monopolizes power and opposition are intolerable. There is suppression of dissenting voices through the total control of media, police, and other state agencies. With the evolution of democracies, classification of countries follows either the rule of law or the rule of man. The rule of man puts the ultimate power in the hands of a single individual. This is the core of totalitarian governments while the rule of law is the hallmark of democratic governments where authority comes from written transparent laws, the constitution. Intellectual property rights (IPRs) includes exclusive rights of ownership to intangible assets such as copyrights, patents, and trademarks. These intellectual properties are very difficult to create but easy to duplicate, making governments enact legislations to protect people who own these assets (Daniels, Radebaugh, & Sullivan, 2010). Governments have created transitional institutions focusing on controlling piracy. They have also criminalized piracy. The frequency and drive for software piracy focus on the key issues such as the accepted legitimacy of piracy, a dream too tall to achieve legally. The degree and standards of software piracy differ greatly from region to

International trade law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

International trade law - Essay Example There are three different ways that the transfer of risk may occur. The first is at the time of the conclusion of the contract for sale, the time of passing of the property in goods, and the time of the delivery of the goods. These rules may only come into effect when the parties did not contract for the transfer of risk, as is the case here. Furthermore, while the parties typically have insurance, which mitigates the risk of loss, it is still important to determine who bears the risk of loss, as the party who bears the risk of the loss is the party who is responsible for turning the loss into the insurance company, as well as await settlement from the insurance company and mitigate the damages. While risk may come from many different sources, the example in this case is political risk, which covers the risk regarding war. Assume that the contract is cif Calais The Vienna Convention Rules and the English Rules regarding cif are both relevant here, as France has ratified the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale Of Goods, also known as the Vienna Convention. The Vienna Convention states that, in cif contracts, the risk of loss passes from the seller to the buyer when the goods are loaded on the ship for transit, and this covers loss that occurred during the loading process. Thus, as soon as the carrier takes control of the goods, the shipper's obligation is satisfied. In this case, the buyer in Calais would have had the risk transferred, and the buyer in Calais would have to turn the claim into the insurance company, wait for settlement and mitigate his damages. ... be covered by insurance at this point.9 This is the case in Wuensche Handelsgesellschaft International GmbH v Tai Ping Insurance Co Ltd10 in which it was decided that, in a case where cans coming from China to Germany were dented before being put upon the ship, that the seller, and the seller's insurance, assumed the risk during the pre-shipment period of time. Other rules regarding cif contracts regard the transfer of the risk once the ship is afloat. The standard English rule regarding this is that, when the goods are specific or have been appropriated, the seller may tender the documents regarding the goods to the buyer, even when the seller knows that the goods have been totally lost- therefore, at the time that the documents are tendered, the risk would pass from the seller to the buyer.11 As long as the goods were in conformity with the contract at the time that the seller shipped them, then the buyer may not reject these documents.12 This is the English Rule, and is exemplifie d in the case of The Kronprinsessen Margareta.13 In that case, the court stated that if the seller would have taken the bills of lading to their own order, then the risk would have passed to the buyer for the loss, without question. However, they did not, and the bills of lading were retained by the seller, so the case was more complicated. The Convention Rule, while not specifically addressing cif contracts regarding goods which are lost at sea, nevertheless states that risk passes from the conclusion of the contract. In this case, the retrospective transfer, which means that the risk transfers upon shipment, may only be possible when the circumstances indicate (such as the parties bargained for this, or the insurance covers this specifically), and the seller did not know that the goods

Crime Victim Processing on Stalking Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Crime Victim Processing on Stalking - Assignment Example (If yes adequate details should be given. This will enable the attorney to determine the relationship between the mental condition of the patient and reliability of data (Turvey, 2008). According to the violent crime prevention act of 1994, the provision on community policing requires all citizens to provide adequate information on any particular crime. In accordance with these has any other citizen identified the perpetrator as a stalker? In accordance with the provisions in the violent crimes prevention act of 1994, thorough evaluation and assessment of the details given by the victim is required. This will enable the relevant authorities to determine the seriousness of the purported crime (Turvey, 2008). According to the doctor’s records, does the victim have any addiction to any narcotic drug? Has the victim been to any rehabilitation institution? If yes, how long was the rehabilitation process and when was it undertaken? Does the suspected perpetrator suffer from any psychological disorder? What disorder is it? What impact can such a disorder have on the judgment of the perpetrator? (A psychological disorder refers to any mental disorder affecting the lives of the perpetrator (Davies, Beech, 2012) According to medical records, does the perpetrator’s medical disorder result to any violent behavior? To what extreme can these violent behaviors in the victims reach? Can individuals with this disorder tend towards homicide or suicidal behavior? According to the doctor’s records, does the alleged perpetrator have any addiction to any narcotic drug? Has the perpetrator been to any rehabilitation institution? If yes, how long was the rehabilitation process and when was it undertaken? According to the provisions in the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, has the perpetrator benefited from any crime prevention programs in this country.(if yes what were the impacts of the

Published opinion of Rosa Brooks from Los Angeles Times analysis Personal Statement

Published opinion of Rosa Brooks from Los Angeles Times analysis - Personal Statement Example Because as economists put it, when US cough, the world catches cold. The recent years have seen the stronger and tighter relations among nations as they open up their borders for freer trade through the formation of trade blocs and regional partnership. Aside from local produce, most of the consumers' income in US is spent in cheaper imported goods coming from Asian trading partners like China, Philippines, Malaysia, and Thailand. These nations have long been the biggest trading partners of US and have long benefited from the strong demand in our country. With the technological development, services have also been imported from these nations as well through business process outsourcing. So, with these nations heavily dependent on US partnership, it is irrefutable that the economic recession in our country will also bring about slowdown in other smaller and less stable economies. On the other hand, the collapse of Lehman Brothers is also expected to sabotage growth in the Eurozone. So, it's not just the US which should be given with this letter and th e much needed economic assistance from IMF and WB.

Transactional and Transformational leadership styles Essay

Transactional and Transformational leadership styles - Essay Example es of these two emerging leadership approaches, the discussion attempts to explore and differentiate leadership roles and significances in change management analysing the case of IBM’s turnaround strategy to growth. In order to assess the diverse functions and competencies of leaders in the modern era, the paper also explores an in-depth understanding of these leadership approaches in terms of decision making and change management processes. The paper also demonstrates the other major functions of both transactional and transformational leadership with respect to the selected case to evaluate aspects of the firm’s while building relationship with the major group of stakeholders. Finally, the paper also suggests an effective set of recommendations from a critical point of view to the importance of transactional and transformational leadership styles in organisational turnaround. Overall, the report will present an argumentative thesis concentrating on the statement as to whether transformational and transactional leaderships are the only leadership styles that can be used in an organisational turnaround process. Transactional leadership approach can be defined as a particular style, which is primarily based upon setting the predetermined business targets for the followers. This approach uses both punishments (as a negative motivation prospect) as well as rewards (as a positive motivation strategy) in order to enhance the performance level of the individuals or groups (Gardiner, 2006). In the case example of IBM, the transactional traits, as emulsified in the leadership practices, are significantly highlighted during the period of the organisational turnaround. Throughout the tenure of one of the key leaders of IBM from the year 1985 to 1993, the decision of breaking up the organisational structure into different operational units not only fetched the company to experience dramatic changes but also led the firm to incur massive losses. In order to deal with the

Factors Effecting Students Selecting Private Colleges In Saudi Arabia Essay

Factors Effecting Students Selecting Private Colleges In Saudi Arabia - Essay Example The research strategy proposed to be used in this study is survey questionnaires. There may be some problems associated with the qualitative interview method, involving a detailed structured or semi structured interview in the case of this particular study. For example, this method is likely to be time consuming when considered against the results sought to be achieved. The thrust of this study is to discover overall patterns within a large group of students/faculty within a limited time frame. A comprehensive literature review is to be taken up to provide the background material and the secondary data for this study. The primary data is collected from the questionnaire/survey, which is a favoured tool used in research because it can provide a cheap and effective method of collecting data in a structured and manageable way. The participants in this study would be about 250 students as well as faculty members, both from private as well as public colleges. This report makes a conclusion that the economies of the Middle East play a very important role in the world economy because they are large scale producers of oil and this is especially true in the case of Saudi Arabia. In view of the initiatives that have been actively implemented by the Government to promote education in the nation, the problem of why students are opting for private colleges becomes important. This study may help to shed a considerable amount of light on why students are making such choices and pave the way for future research into this issue.

From marketing to image, to branding Essay Example for Free

From marketing to image, to branding Essay Introduction My presentation is based on branding as a business tool for marketing. The presentation will provide the concept of brand based on the strategies, importance, and influence of branding and to the consumers and towards the end provide a case study of McDonald’s Company for the case study of branding. Firstly, Hill (2002, p. 79) defined brand as a symbol or a name that businesses use in order to identify their products and use them to separate from the competitors. He further argues that brand development forms a foundational piece of the business marketing communication industries cannot do without. Reasonably, speaking, there are numerous brand types that may either represent a corporate or personal brand. We must note that in the current globalization and technology driven world, branding has become increasingly significant than over the previous decades. My research on business branding features the collection of science and psychology to form a premise mark as opposed to a trademark. The brands of the business convey the information of credibility, uniform quality, and experience of the business. Brands have life cycles, valuable and outlive the products. Today, numerous companies invest the value of the business in their brand and it has appeared in their balance sheet. The world has become online and numerous markets are growing across nations that have seen the consumers use brands in their purchases. The importance of brands is, therefore; Assisting in the identification of the business. The business that uses branding can clearly be seen, quickly identify and sought after-products. Branding allows time and energy saving through practicality through loyalty and identical purchasing. The customer is guaranteed of finding the same quality irrespective of time and place of buying the product Branding provides common self-image that is presentable to others It allows for satisfaction brought through intimacy and familiarity with the brand that the consumers have using for years. Branding provides ethical standards in business due to satisfaction linked to the responsible brand behavior in its societal relationships. Branding Strategy This refers that firms mix and match the name of their brand and the products they offer. The degree of synergy between the product brand and the corporate brand depends on the architecture of the brand (Hill 2002, p. 124). I found the following brand strategies as identified by scholars; Corporate and individual branding House of brand and brand house, including sub-brands and endorsed brands Weak endorsement, no endorsement, strong endorsement, and medium endorsement. Delineated three types of brand strategy, continuum monolithic strategy, branded strategy, and endorsed brand strategy. Endorsement brand strategy, token endorsement, and weak endorsement. Influence of Branding to Consumers and Business The legally protected brands are significantly important in the modern marketing. Branding has several influences on the business and the customers. Firstly, branding brings psychological effect that affect the consumers by urging them to choose a specific product over the other based on perception rather than hard facts. I read from the work of Hill (2002, p. 143) that indicated that brands can automatically activate the goals of purchase in individuals without conscious or awareness intent. Likewise, Hill (2002, p. 143) further writes that brands offer promise of performance by the business by assuring the customers of the quality, safety, and other ethical obligations of the product. Further, it is indicated that the socio-culturally based brands present the role of brands through research. Brand satisfaction is a good reason for a customer to choose a specific product over the other. Case Study of McDonald’s Branding Success The case study I used was a well-known industry across the globe. With the globalization era, currently; it is easier for brands to show their presence globally in various cultures. Reading from Hill (2002), business operation in a foreign cultural atmosphere comes with changes in the strategies of the business, advertising, functioning and branding campaign. A case study of the McDonald’s different marketing strategies can best exemplify the global marketing strategy. The company originated in the U.S. in 1940 as a street restaurant and currently serves in 199 countries across the globe. According to Kulkarni, Lassar, Sridhar and Venkitachalam (2009, p. 12) the company’s brand is supported by a highly successful brand campaigns.   In each of all the branding campaigns of the McDonald’s Company, it has prioritized on social values of the target audience that has made functioning as a resilient possible. The comparison of the branding campaign in two completely economically and culturally diverse countries, India and Australia, shows the company’s effective resilience. My investigations reveal that the company ventured in India in 1996 and in Australia in 1971, but there exists a considerable gap in chronology. It is understood that the company adopted the dissimilar marketing strategies using similar brand values that were quality, service, cleanliness and value (QSC V). Using this strategy, the company excelled in both the markets in a way that the societies never thought that it was an American brand. The reasons for brand success of the case study company were, perhaps, numerous (Encyclopedia of global brands 2013, p. 677). However, excellent market research tops the list. The ever-growing process of market research has assisted the marketers to analyze the environment of marketing and define the marketing strategies and product-market fit. Through market research, Light, Kiddon, Till, Heckler, Mathews, Wacker, Brunner, Emery and Hall, (2012, p. 67), writes the company realized the obligation to involve in the local culture. Social marketing, according to McDonald’s (2013, p. 221) assisted the company develop the socially accepted product and satisfies the customer needs better than that of the competitors. Currently, the company runs 780 outlets in Australia and 300 outlets in India. Therefore, the best achievement of the company is through its branding that successfully transformed itself into the local image and fulfilled the brand promises. The people believed in QSC V that was fulfilled and the TV campaigns often focused on customer relationships. References Encyclopedia of Global Brands. (2013). vol. 2, K-Z,  Ã‚   2nd edn, St. James Press, pp. 675-680 Hill, C. W. L. (2002). International business competing in the global marketplace. New York, McGraw-Hill Irwin. KonecÃŒÅ'Nik Ruzzier, M., Ruzzier, M. (2007). From marketing to image, to branding. IV Seminari Internacional DInnovacioÃŒ  I Turisme Turisme Branding: La Clau Per Al Desenvolupament TuriÃŒ stic, Palma De Mallorca, 26, 27 I 28 Setembre 2007. Kulkarni, S, Lassar W, Sridhar C Venkitachalam A. (2009). McDonald‟s OngoingMarketing Challenges and Social Perception in India‟, Online Journal of International  Case Analysis, vol. 1, Issue 2, last viewed 23 Sept 2013,  http://ojica.fiu.edu/index.php/ojica_journal/article/view/19/18  11. Light, L., Kiddon, J., Till, B., Heckler, D., Mathews, R., Wacker, W., Brunner, R., Emery, S., Hall, R. (2012). Branding strategies for success. [Upper Saddle River, NJ], FT Press. http://proquest.safaribooksonline.com/?fpi=9780133039030.

Organizational Effectiveness and Leadership in Healthcare

Organizational Effectiveness and Leadership in Healthcare Miguel Boquer The success of a healthcare organization greatly depends on the effectiveness of the leadership in place. Leaders are a very integral part in the development and communication of new organizational strategies. Then, these strategies are shared throughout the organization as to motivate the employees so that they become more dedicated towards the organizations goals (The CEO Institute, 2016). Leaders must maintain certain competencies in order to be as effective as possible within any organization, which is why the best leaders are always looking for ways to improve themselves. If I am planning on being a leader at some point in the future for a healthcare organization, it is important that I take into consideration the competencies that I already possess to determine the areas in need of improvement. I will be using two competencies as an example, effective communication and self-management. Being an effective communicator is essential to leading any organization and I consider myself to be quite strong in this particular competency. Effective leaders must have a strong understanding of how to properly communicate to stakeholders, management, patients, employers, and any other important factors that affect the organization. Forms of communication have only improved over the years such as in the use of email, presentations, video conferencing, social media, or simply in-person. Then, there is the understanding of body language, tone of voice, or being a proactive listener to help you in becoming a better communicator. I initially learned how to become a gre at communicator as a student in a professional sales organization and then proceeded to practice effective communication throughout my professional career to this day. There is always so much to learn in regards to being an effective communicator. A survey that was conducted by Athena Health found that physicians significantly cited the ability to communicate as the most essential skill for management of healthcare. Physicians cited communication to be the top leadership skill to focus on for improvement, which is the area that would benefit the healthcare organization the most (Cosinuke, 2016). The second competency to discuss is self-management, which is an area where I find that I could always use a significant amount of improvement. The skills for self-management are the foundation of good leadership and a prerequisite of a excellent manager and leader. One of the most essential skills on managing oneself is emotional competencies (Kumar, Adhish, Chauhan, 2014). Dealing with emotions within the work environment can be challenging because work can tend to be a stressful environment. From personal experience, I find it difficult at times to prevent personal emotions from outside of work from affecting me entirely because it can be quite draining, especially with everything else you have to deal with in the workplace on top of that. I find it best to look for ways to cope with stress and emotions so that it will affect my professional work as minimal as possible. Emotional competencies are based on emotional intelligence and a particular amount of emotional intelligence is needed in order to learn the emotional competencies. Evidence has indicated that strong job performance is linked to high emotional intelligence (Kumar, Adhish, Chauhan, 2014). Individual behaviors can improve the quality of patient care significantly and emotional intelligence may explain why some practitioners and organizations are better at delivering patient care. It has also been shown to have a positive effect on teamwork, communication, stress management, organizational commitment, and effective leadership (Warren, 2013). These are just two of many competencies that are imperative towards being a great leader within a healthcare organization. Personal improvement is a long, worthwhile process. I hope to continue developing my competencies so that I can be a great leader some day. References: Cosinuke, R. (2016). Communication is the most important leadership trait. Retrieved from https://insight.athenahealth.com/communication-is-the-most-important-healthcare-leadership-trait/. Kumar, S., Adhish, V. S., Chauhan, A. (2014). Managing Self for Leadership. Indian Journal of Community Medicine: Official Publication of Indian Association of Preventive Social Medicine, 39(3), 138-142. http://doi.org/10.4103/0970-0218.137148. The CEO Institute. (2016). The Importance of Business Leadership. Retrieved from http://www.ceoinstitute.com/leadership-training/business-leadership/. Warren, B. (2013). Healthcare Emotional Intelligence: Its Role in Patient Outcomes and Organizational Success. Retrieved from http://www.beckershospitalreview.com/hospital-management-administration/healthcare-emotional-intelligence-its-role-in-patient-outcomes-and-organizational-success.html.